The Pequest Fill is a large railroad embankment on the Lackawanna Cut-Off in New Jersey.[1] It was completed in 1911 and was thought to be the world's largest railroad fill at that time. Due to its size, 15 million cubic yards within a continuous three mile (4.8 km) section of the Cut-Off, the Pequest Fill required far more fill material than could be provided by classic cut and fill construction techniques. (Cut and fill construction requires a relatively even balance between the amount of dirt and rock material that is removed from an area of the right-of-way to provide a cut through a hill, with the removed material being used in a nearby section to create a fill.) Instead, the Lackawanna Railroad, which constructed the Cut-Off, was forced to acquire 760 acres of farm land near the Pequest Fill, which was dug out to a depth of about 20 feet (6 m) to provide the remainder of fill that could not be provided by adjacent cutting techniques. The area from which fill material has been removed is referred to as a borrow pit.